Write chemical reactions that take place during urea formation.

Urea (NH₂)₂CO is formed through the reaction of ammonia (NH₃) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). The process occurs in two stages:

1. Formation of ammonium carbamate:
Ammonia reacts with carbon dioxide to form ammonium carbamate (NH₄HCOONH₄):

2. Dehydration to form urea:
The ammonium carbamate is then heated to remove water and form urea:
Urea, thus formed, is widely used as a fertilizer because it contains a high percentage of nitrogen, essential for plant growth.

 

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