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The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle, is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. The cycle involves several key processes: 1. Evaporation: Water from oceans, lakes, and rivers is heated by the sun and turns into water vapor, rising into the atmosphere. 2. Condensation: The … Read more
Refining crude oil involves separating its components based on their different boiling points through a process called fractional distillation. Crude oil is first heated to high temperatures in a distillation column. As it vaporizes, the vapor rises through the column and condenses at different levels depending on the boiling point of each component. The resulting … Read more
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. The process takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves the absorption of light by chlorophyll. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air and water (H₂O) from the soil … Read more
Crude oil undergoes fractional distillation to separate its components into fractions based on their boiling points. After distillation, these fractions are further refined by processes such as cracking, reforming, and desulfurization to remove impurities and produce usable fuels and products. Related Questions: How are urea prills produced? What is slaked lime? How is it produced? … Read more
Related Questions: Write chemical reactions that take place during carbonation in the Solvay process. Describe the following with an example: Outline basic reactions of the Solvay process. Relate the study of chemistry to careers in industry. Petroleum is a mixture of several compounds, which are separated in a refinery. Draw a flow sheet diagram for … Read more
Related Questions: Write chemical reactions that take place during carbonation in the Solvay process. Describe the following with an example: Outline basic reactions of the Solvay process. Relate the study of chemistry to careers in industry. Petroleum is a mixture of several compounds, which are separated in a refinery. Draw a flow sheet diagram of … Read more
a) What is the name of the apparatus used for this purpose? Fractionating column. b) What is the name of the process used in separating crude oil? Fractional distillation. c) Write the name of the fraction that represents gases. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). d) Which fractions represent liquids with the lowest boiling points? Petrol and … Read more
Chemistry is vital in many industries, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food processing, petrochemicals, and materials science. Careers related to chemistry in industry include: Chemical Engineer: Designs processes for large-scale production of chemicals. Pharmaceutical Chemist: Develops drugs and medicines. Petrochemical Engineer: Works in the extraction and refinement of petroleum. Food Chemist: Develops food products and ensures food … Read more
Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, including alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and small amounts of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen compounds. Petroleum is separated into various fractions through fractional distillation, and it contains fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and heavier products like asphalt. The exact composition varies depending on the source of the crude … Read more
The raw materials for the Solvay process are: 1. Sodium chloride (NaCl) 2. Ammonia (NH₃) 3. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) 4. Water (H₂O) 5. Limestone (CaCO₃) Related Questions: How are urea prills produced? What is slaked lime? How is it produced? Explain the process “Roasting” with two examples. Write chemical reactions that take place during urea … Read more