What is electrostatic induction? Explain with an example.

Electrostatic induction is the process of charging a conductor without direct contact.

Example:

If a positively charged rod is brought near a neutral metal sphere, negative charges in the sphere move toward the rod, and positive charges move away.

If the sphere is then grounded, positive charges escape, leaving the sphere negatively charged.

When the rod is removed, the sphere remains negatively charged.

Explanation: Induction is widely used in electrostatic generators and capacitors to create and manipulate charge distributions.

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