What are the applications of Le Chatelier’s principle in industrial processes?

Applications:

1. Haber Process (Ammonia Production):
To increase ammonia production:

Increase pressure (favors fewer gas molecules).

Decrease temperature (favors the exothermic reaction).

Remove ammonia as it forms (shifts equilibrium to the right).

2. Contact Process (Sulfuric Acid Production):
High pressure and low temperature favor the formation of sulfuric acid .

3. Production of Methanol:
High pressure and moderate temperature are used to increase methanol production.