The diagram shows the structural and functional unit of the lungs.

(a) Identify structure Z.
Answer: Structure Z is the alveolus.

(b) Name the gases X and Y.
X: Oxygen (O₂)

Y: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

(c) What is the name of the blood leaving at point E?
The blood leaving at point E is oxygenated blood.

Related Questions:

  1. Name the structure through which the exchange of gases can take place in plants.
  2. Name the ways through which a plant can obtain oxygen.
  3. Why should one not sleep under a tree at night?
  4. Why would very wet soil be dangerous to plants
  5. Why do plants not need a specialized respiratory system?
  6. How does the exchange of gases take place in alveoli?
  7. What is the effect of exercise on the rate of breathing?
  8. Compare inspired air and expired air.
  9. How do viral infections like COVID-19 affect bronchi?
  10. What is the importance of breathing in fresh air?
  11. What is the importance of keeping the nasal and oral cavity clear?
  12. Differentiate between:
  13. Breathing through the nose is healthier than breathing by mouth. Why?
  14. What are the conditions necessary for efficient gaseous exchange between an organism and the environment?
  15. Describe the effects of cigarette smoking on the inner walls of the trachea of human beings.
  16. The diagram shows the percentage of gases in inspired and expired air.
  17. The figure shows a healthy lung and a diseased lung.