The diagram shows an important step of genetic engineering. Name the structures P, Q, and R. What is the next step of this process?

Without the diagram, I can only give a general answer. Typically, in genetic engineering:

    • P could be a plasmid (a vector used to transfer genes).
    • Q could be a gene of interest that is to be inserted.
    • R could be a restriction enzyme used to cut the DNA at specific points.
    • The next step is usually ligation, where the gene is inserted into the plasmid using DNA ligase.

Related Questions:

  1. How has genetic engineering improved the quality of agricultural yield?
  2. Name the organism used in fermentation for making bread, alcohol, cheese, and yogurt.
  3. Name the medical products produced by large-scale fermentation.
  4. Microbes are commonly used in biotechnology. What are the advantages of each of them?
  5. Give three examples of traditional foods made with the help of microbes.
  6. Yogurt manufacture requires a temperature of around 40°C. Explain precisely why this is the best temperature to use.
  7. The flowchart is showing anaerobic respiration. Identify the processes A, B, and C. Name the products (i) and (ii) produced by these processes.
  8. What are restriction enzymes, and why are they important in genetic engineering?
  9. How is insulin produced using biotechnology?
  10. What are two advantages of using microbes in industrial processes?
  11. Define recombinant DNA and give one example of its application.
  12. Why are bacteria commonly used in biotechnology?
  13. What is the importance of biotechnology?
  14. Describe fermentation in yeast and bacteria.
  15. Describe the process of fermentation. What is the procedure for using a fermenter?
  16. What are the objectives of genetic engineering? How is a gene transplanted?
  17. What is single-cell protein? Write its importance and significance as animal and human food.
  18. What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)? Explain their advantages and disadvantages.
  19. Describe the process of cloning. What are its potential benefits and risks?
  20. What is the role of biotechnology in environmental conservation? Explain with examples.