State the importance and uses of isotopes in various fields of life.

  • Medicine: Radioactive isotopes are used for medical imaging and cancer treatment (e.g., iodine-131 for thyroid cancer).

  • Dating: Carbon-14 is used in radiocarbon dating to estimate the age of ancient artifacts and fossils.

  • Energy: Uranium-235 and plutonium-239 are used as fuel in nuclear reactors.

  • Agriculture: Isotopes are used to track the movement of nutrients in plants and in pest control strategies.

  • Research: Isotopes are used in biological and chemical research to trace and study molecular behavior.

Related Questions:

  1. The electronic configurations listed below are incorrect. Explain the mistakes in each and write the correct electronic configurations.
  2. Draw Bohr’s Model for the following atoms, indicating the locations of electrons, protons, and neutrons:
  3. Write the electronic configuration for the following elements:
  4. The atomic number of an element is 23, and its mass number is 56.
  5. The atomic symbol of aluminum is written as Al. What information do you get from it?
  6. Distinguish between shell and sub-shell.
  7. Why is an atom electrically neutral?
  8. How many sub-shells are there in the N shell?
  9. Give notation for sub-shells of the M shell.
  10. List the sub-shells of the M shell in order of increasing energy.
  11. Which orbital in each of the following pairs is lower in energy?
  12. Describe the principles of green chemistry and how they help in environmental protection.
  13. Can you write the formula of the carbon dioxide gas that we exhale?
  14. Define element, compound, and mixture.
  15. Differentiate between a compound and a mixture.
  16. Differentiate between a concentrated and a dilute solution.
  17. Define the term allotropes and explain the allotropes of carbon.
  18. What is the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous solution?
  19. Differentiate between colloids and suspensions.
  20. How can you identify a solvent and a solute?