Ans: Pak-China Relations:
. Pakistan’s northern neighbour, the People Republic of China is the most
populous country of the world. The People’s Republic of China was
established on October 1, 1949, Pakistan recognized the newly established
Chinese government in January 1950.
. Chiang kai Shek’s nationalist government after its defeat at the hands of
Mao’s Communist party had retreated to Taiwan. For a long time after the
establishment of the Peoples’ Republic of China, Nationalist China, which
represented only a thin minonty of the Chinese people, was allowed to
represent the entire Chinese nation in the UN.
. In 1950 Pakistan took firm stand that only the Peoples’ Republic of China
had the sole right to represent the Chinese People. In 1950, Pakistar
remained neutral on the issue of China’s occupation of Tibet Pakistan joined
SEATO in the year 1954 and the Baghdad Pact in 1955, which was later re-
organized as CENTO. These military alliances were sponsored by the US
But in the non-aligned conference held at Bandung Indonesia in 1955.
. Pakistan’s Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra assured the Chinese Prime
minister Chou Enlai that Pakistan’s membership of these alliances was by no
means directed against the Peoples’ Republic of China. Prime Minister Chou
acknowledged the explanation by expressing gratitude for the Prime Minister
of Pakistan. Pakistan and China peacefully concluded a boundary pact in
1963, namely the Trans Karakoram Tract, this brought both countries closer
. In 1964, China decides to support Pakistan on Kashmir issue. China gave
Pakistan diplomatic support in 1965 and 1971 wars. In 1971 Pakistan played
important role in bringing China and America closer to each other. Both
countries established diplomatic relations for the first time, this paved way for
the Peoples’ Republic of China’s membership of the United Nation.
. Not only this. The Peoples’ Republic of China also got one of the five
permanent members’ seats in the UN Security Council in 1971. Pak-China
friendship was further strengthened during Bhutto era (1971-1977), Nawaz
Sharif developed trade relations with China especially during his second
tenure as prime minister. Building of road and rail link from Gwadar to
Kashghar.
. China is the part of a wider economic CPEC, underway since 2014. It is
believed that CPEC is going to change the entire socio-economic dynamics
of the region. China provided large scale military and economic aid to
Pakistan. Karakoram Highway, commissioned in 1978, opened new doors of
friendship for both countries. An agreement was signed by the two countries
in 1989 for setting up of a nuclear plant at Chashma, district Mianwali,
. Four nuclear reactors were commissioned between 2000 and 2017
(CHASNUPPI to IV) CHASNUPP V is underway. There is a long list of trade
and cultural agreements between the two countries. Landmark events in our
bilateral relation are Chinese premier Chou Enlai’s visit to Pakistan in 1956,
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s visit to China in 1972, XI Jinping visit of Pakistan in 2015
and Nawaz Sharif’s visit of 2017