Q3.Explain the initiatives taken by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto after assuming power in hands.

Q3. Explain the initiatives taken by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto after assuming

power in hands.

Ans: After assuming power Bhutto started working on his agenda of reforms. He

himself referred to these initiatives as “People’s Government Reforms”.

These initiatives included:

Industrial Policy:
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto strongly believed that industrial development is essential
for the progress of Pakistan. To achieve this goal, he introduced reforms in
different sectors. In January 1972 he issued an ordinance to nationalize 32
factories of the 10 important industries. These included iron, steel and
petrochemical industry, an oil refinery, a gas company and an electric supply
company. In September 1973, the government nationalized another 40 ghee
and vegetable oil manufacturing units, as well. In January 1974 banks and
insurance companies were also nationalized.
Labour Reforms:
On February 10, 1972, labour policy was announced. Under this policy
labourers were given representation in factory administration, bonus, profit-
sharing and other incentives like old age pension were also provided. The
new policy gave enormous boost to trade unionism. This new trend spoiled
industrial peace.
Agricultural Reforms:
Acting as president of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto announced agricultural
reforms on March 1, 1972. Upper limit of land-holding was fixed at 150 acres
irrigated and 300 acres non-irrigated (barani). Tenants and haries were
provided legal protection against arbitrary ejectment.