Explain the followings.(a) Perivatisation and industrialization during the Musharraf era. (b)Economic Reforms Introduced by Pervez Musharraf and Shaukat Aziz,

Ans Perivatisation and industrialization during the Musharraf era:

Before Pervez Musharraf, Benazir Bhutto and Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharf

started privatization process. Its aim was to end poverty and the payment of

foreign loans. In Musharraf and Shaukat Anz’s government, the income from

privatization was spent on the payment of foreign loans and social welfare. The

Habib Bank was sold for only Rs. 22 billion and the UBL was sold for only 13

billion rupees in Dec. 2664. The Privatization Commission sold 26% shares of

the PTCL to Etisalaat, a Dubai company, Pak-Arab Fertilizer of Mirpur Mathelo

for 8 billion, the Pak-Arab Fertilizers of Multan for 13 billion, and Pak American

Fertilizers, the largest government factory, was sold for 16 billion rupees. The

Musharraf and Shaukat Aziz’s government earned 2.5 billion dollars in a year

through privatization.

Setting up of new industries:

During Musharraf’s government, many new industries were set up in the

country. Car assembly plant industry, motorcycle assembly plant industry,

sugar industry, chemical industries, industries for making goods of basió

needs, electrical equipment industries, cement industries and steel making

industry are worth mentioning

Impact of privatization:

Positive impacts:

The government income increases by privatization. The load on the

i Government to run the institutions is reduced or comes to zero.

ii Private institutions are encouraged and investment in the country increases

iii  Quality goods are produced in factories and the work capacity of the

employees is increased

Negative impacts:

i Unemployment increases and employees lose their jobs

ii The country’s capital decreases and the personal capital increases.

iii The cost of goods increases.

iv Privatization creates unrest and insecurity among the employees working in

an institution.

b Economic Reforms Introduced by Pervez Musharraf and Shaukat

Aziz:

i Increase in GDP and setting up of new industries:

Pervez Musharraf and Shaukat Aziz paid special attention to Gross

Domestic Product (GDP). There was a 7% increase in it. They made

economic policies and set up new industries in the country.

ii Incentives of Investment:

The overseas Pakistanis were advised to make investment in different fields

of their country for future development. The foreign investors were also

advised to make investments in Pakistan. 22% increase in the investment

was achieved.

iii Reduction in country’s deficit:

Before the Musharraf period the country’s deficit was 7%, which was brought

down to 4.5%. He took many positive measures to reduce poverty from 32%

to 20%.

iv Obtaining energy:

In order to get continuous supply of electricity and obtain energy, plans were

made to increase hydel power production, and change thermal plants to gas

and coal plants,