Explain the difference between respiration and photosynthesis.

Aspect Respiration Photosynthesis
Process The breakdown of glucose (or other organic molecules) to release energy. The process where plants convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose).
Location Occurs in the mitochondria of cells (in both plants and animals). Occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
Energy Conversion Chemical energy in glucose is converted into ATP (energy currency of cells). Light energy is converted into chemical energy stored in glucose.
Raw Materials Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂). Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O).
Products Carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), and energy (ATP). Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂).
Type of Organisms All living organisms (plants, animals, fungi, bacteria). Mostly plants, algae, and some bacteria.
Energy Direction Energy is released from glucose and used by cells. Energy is stored in glucose for future use.
Nature of Reaction Exothermic (releases energy). Endothermic (absorbs energy).
Time of Occurrence Happens continuously, day and night. Happens only during the day when light is available.

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