Explain information and communications technology. How many parts come together in order to produce a Computer-Based Information System (CBIS)?

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) refers to the integration of computing technologies (such as computers, software, and networks) with telecommunications systems (such as the internet and mobile networks) to facilitate the processing, storage, and communication of data. ICT encompasses a wide range of technologies that allow for the creation, storage, exchange, and management of information.

In terms of Computer-Based Information Systems (CBIS), a CBIS is a system that uses computer technology to collect, process, store, and communicate information. These systems are integral to managing business operations, improving efficiency, and supporting decision-making in various industries.

There are typically five main components that come together to produce a CBIS:

  1. Hardware: This includes the physical devices necessary to run the system, such as computers, servers, storage devices, and networking equipment.

  2. Software: These are the programs or applications that enable the hardware to function and perform tasks. This includes both system software (like operating systems) and application software (like databases or office suites).

  3. Data: Data is the raw input that is processed to generate useful information. It can include numbers, text, images, and other types of information. In a CBIS, data is processed and converted into valuable insights.

  4. People: This component involves the individuals who interact with the system, whether they are system administrators, end-users, or IT support staff. People play a critical role in the operation, management, and maintenance of the system.

  5. Procedures: These are the policies and guidelines that govern how the system is used, including protocols for data entry, security measures, and data processing. Procedures ensure that the system is used efficiently and in compliance with organizational goals.

Together, these five components work synergistically to create and manage a Computer-Based Information System that supports an organization’s operations, decision-making, and communications.

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