Describe the structure, sources, and functions of lipids.

Lipids are organic molecules composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are hydrophobic and classified into three main types:

1. Fats and Oils: Composed of glycerol and fatty acids; provide long-term energy storage.

2. Phospholipids: Form the structural framework of cell membranes.

3. Steroids: Include hormones like cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen.

Sources:

  • Plant sources: Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and avocados.
  • Animal sources: Butter, dairy products, fish oil, and meat fat.

Functions:

  1. Energy storage and insulation.
  2. Structural role in cell membranes.
  3. Precursor for hormones and vitamins.
  4. Protection of organs and thermal regulation.

Lipids are essential for survival, playing a role in energy metabolism, hormone production, and cellular integrity.

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