Describe the structure and uses of ATP.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is a nucleotide consisting of adenine (a nitrogenous base), ribose (a five-carbon sugar), and three phosphate groups. The energy in ATP is stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups. When a cell needs energy, it breaks the bond between the second and third phosphate groups, releasing energy and converting ATP to ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate. ATP is used in various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, protein synthesis, DNA replication, and active transport across membranes. The constant regeneration of ATP from ADP ensures that cells have a continuous supply of energy for their metabolic needs.

Related Questions:

  1. Define enzyme and describe their characteristics and specifications.
  2. What is the energy of activation? Explain with reference to enzyme.
  3. What happens to enzymes when you increase or decrease: (a) Temperature (b) pH (c) Substrate concentration?
  4. Only the related key can open the lock. How is this fact true for enzymes? Explain with examples.
  5. Describe the structure and uses of ATP.
  6. Describe and sketch light reactions of photosynthesis.
  7. Describe and sketch dark reactions of photosynthesis?
  8. Explain the factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis.
  9. Compare respiration and photosynthesis with examples.
  10. What are the advantages and significance of anaerobic respiration and fermentation in your daily life?
  11. Describe and explain the process of aerobic respiration.
  12. Why are enzymes called biological catalysts?
  13. Name the factors affecting enzyme activity. At what pH do pepsin and trypsin enzymes act the best?
  14. What happens to an enzyme when it is frozen below 0°C?
  15. What happens when a protein-digesting enzyme functions in an acidic medium?
  16. How does an enzyme lower the activation energy?
  17. Why are enzymes specific and why can’t each one speed up many different reactions?
  18. Why is a small quantity of enzyme enough for catalyzing a large number of substrate molecules into products?
  19. According to the induced fit model, the active site is flexible. Does it mean that any substrate can attach to this flexible active site? If not, then explain.
  20. Sketch the structure of ATP.