Describe the composition of petroleum.

Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, including alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and small amounts of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen compounds. Petroleum is separated into various fractions through fractional distillation, and it contains fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and heavier products like asphalt. The exact composition varies depending on the source of the crude oil.

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