Describe the central dogma stating the role of genes in protein synthesis.

The central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to Protein. It consists of three main processes:

1. Replication: DNA duplicates itself to ensure genetic continuity.

2. Transcription: DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus.

3. Translation: mRNA is decoded at the ribosome to synthesize proteins.

This process ensures that genetic instructions stored in DNA are expressed as functional proteins, which regulate metabolism, cell growth, and reproduction.

 

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  10. Explain that a gene is a unit of inheritance and that it can be copied and passed on to the next generation.
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