Describe temperature, wind, and humidity as factors affecting the rate of transpiration.

Several environmental factors influence the rate of transpiration in plants:

Temperature: Higher temperatures cause the molecules of water in the plant to gain more energy, which increases the rate of evaporation. Additionally, higher temperatures cause stomata to open wider, allowing more water vapor to escape. As temperature increases, the surrounding air can hold more water vapor, thus promoting transpiration.

Wind: Wind speeds up transpiration by moving the humid air around the leaf away from the stomata, which increases the rate of water evaporation. As wind removes the moisture-laden air, it creates a more significant gradient for water to diffuse from the leaf to the atmosphere, increasing the rate of transpiration.

Humidity: Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor present in the air. When the surrounding air is humid, the concentration gradient between the leaf’s interior and the outside air is reduced, leading to a decrease in transpiration. In contrast, when the air is dry, the gradient is steeper, and transpiration increases because water vapor moves more readily from the plant to the atmosphere.

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