Describe and sketch dark reactions of photosynthesis?

The dark reactions, or Calvin cycle, occur in the stroma of the chloroplast. During this cycle, carbon dioxide is fixed by the enzyme RuBisCO and converted into a five-carbon sugar called ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). The cycle produces glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) using the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions. G3P is then used to form glucose and other organic molecules.

Related Questions:

  1. Define enzyme and describe their characteristics and specifications.
  2. What is the energy of activation? Explain with reference to enzyme.
  3. What happens to enzymes when you increase or decrease: (a) Temperature (b) pH (c) Substrate concentration?
  4. Only the related key can open the lock. How is this fact true for enzymes? Explain with examples.
  5. Describe the structure and uses of ATP.
  6. Describe and sketch light reactions of photosynthesis.
  7. Why are enzymes called biological catalysts?
  8. Name the factors affecting enzyme activity. At what pH do pepsin and trypsin enzymes act the best?
  9. What happens to an enzyme when it is frozen below 0°C?
  10. What happens when a protein-digesting enzyme functions in an acidic medium?
  11. How does an enzyme lower the activation energy?
  12. Why are enzymes specific and why can’t each one speed up many different reactions?
  13. Why is a small quantity of enzyme enough for catalyzing a large number of substrate molecules into products?
  14. According to the induced fit model, the active site is flexible. Does it mean that any substrate can attach to this flexible active site? If not, then explain.
  15. Sketch the structure of ATP.
  16. Write the equation of: a) Photosynthesis b) Fermentation c) Aerobic respiration
  17. Name the products of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells.
  18. Why is a part of photosynthesis called dark reactions?
  19. How are photosynthesis and aerobic respiration interlinked with each other?
  20. What is the role of the enzyme amylase?