Define ionic bond and give an example.

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that forms between two atoms when one atom donates an electron to another atom, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions. This bond forms due to the electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions. Typically, ionic bonds form between a metal and a non-metal, where the metal loses electrons (forming a positive ion) and the non-metal gains those electrons (forming a negative ion).

Example: In sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium (Na) loses one electron to become Na⁺, and chlorine (Cl) gains one electron to become Cl⁻. The Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions are held together by the electrostatic force of attraction, forming an ionic bond.

Related Questions:

  1. Explain how elements attain stability.
  2. Describe the ways in which bonds may be formed.
  3. Describe the formation of a covalent bond between two non-metallic elements.
  4. Explain with examples single, double, and triple covalent bonds.
  5. Find the number of valence electrons in the following atoms using the periodic table:
  6. Represent the formation of cations for the following metal atoms using electron dot structures:
  7. A sample of sulfur from a volcano was analyzed to give the following composition of isotopes (Atomic No. of S = 16):
  8. An atom of an element has an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19:
  9. State octet and duplet rules.
  10. Explain the formation of a covalent bond between two nitrogen atoms.
  11. How does Al form a cation?
  12. Draw an electron cross and dot structure for an H₂O molecule.
  13. Describe the importance of noble gas electronic configuration.
  14. The atomic number of an element is 23, and its mass number is 56.
  15. The atomic symbol of aluminum is written as Al. What information do you get from it?
  16. Write the valence shell electronic configuration of an element present in the 3rd period and Group IIA.
  17. Define halogens.
  18. Which atom has a higher shielding effect, Li or Na?
  19. Explain why Na has higher ionization energy than K.
  20. Arrange the elements in each of the following groups in order of increasing ionization energy: