FreeNotes
Ans: Pakistan and the Organization of Islamic Co-operation (OIC): Fifty-seven Muslim States spread over four continents have joined hands to form a common platform known as the Organization of Islamic Co-operation: OIC. (i) The OIC is the largest inter-governmental organization after the UN. This organization is the united voice of the Muslim world. The OIC … Read more
Ans: Pakistan ‘s relation with Neighbouring Countries: Pakistan is an important country in south Asia. We share our northern borders with the people’s Repulic China, the largest Asian country. In the north-west Duard Line separates Pakistan from Afghanistan. In the west and south there is Iran Arabian sea in the South. India is located in … Read more
Ans: Foreign policy: The general plan of a country with regard to other countries of the world is called foreign policy. When a country establishes relations with other countries of the world,it moves foward in the light of certain objective and abides by certain principles the sum total of these objectives and principles is reffered … Read more
Ans: Perivatisation and industrialization during Pervez Musharraf. Before Pervez Musharraf, Benazir Bhutto, and Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif started the privatization process. Its aim was to end poverty and the payment of foreign loans. In Musharraf and Shaukat Anz’s government, the income from privatization was spent on the payment of foreign loans and social welfare. The … Read more
Ans: General Musharraf’s Concept of Enlightenment: After coming to power, General Pervaz Musharraf introduced a concept of enlightened, inspired by the ideas of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, in view of this concept, he made some changes in the educational curriculum which were opposed by the religious scholars. Restrictions on newspapers and magazines were lifted Due to … Read more
Condition of B.A. (graduation): Elections were held in October 2002. General Pervez Musharraf took oath as the President of the country for the next five years in November 2002. For graduate. the first time in Pakistan, it was declared mandatory for a candidate to be a Absolute authority of General Pervez Musharraf: According to the … Read more
Ans: Local Government: A government by the local people who formulate and implement domesti policies at the local level is called the local self-government. Historical background: The Following is the historical background of the system of local governmen in Pakistan. Viceroy Lord Rippon’s system of local governments: Viceroy Lord Rippon enforced the Local Government system … Read more
Ans: The Era of Government of Muhammad Khan Junejo (1985-1988): General Zia-ul-Haq, amended 1973 constitution from parliamentary to a presidential system. The President took complete powers and the powers of the Parliament were curtailed. Non-party elections were held for the National Assembly in 1985. The first session of the National Assembly was called on 23rd … Read more
Ans: Impact of Nationalization on Industry. Education, Commerce and Trade: (a) Industry: Here are the positive and negative impacts of nationalization of industry Positive impact: i Due to the Labour Reforms of 1972, the exploitation of the labourers was ended. Their salaries and other benefits were increased. ii The industrial institutions began to pay all … Read more
Ans(a) Labour reforms in Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto period: Bhutto’s government announced the new labour policy on 10th February, The important points are as under: i The representatives of the labourers were included in the administrative committee which was responsible for running the affairs of the factory. Their representation was 20% of the total … Read more