FreeNotes
Abstraction: High-Level Languages provide a higher level of abstraction from the hardware, making them easier to write, read, and maintain. Portability: Programs written in HLLs can run on different hardware systems with little or no modification, as they can be compiled or interpreted across multiple platforms. User-friendly: HLLs use human-readable syntax, making it easier for … Read more
Level of abstraction: Assembly language is low-level, closely related to machine language, while High-Level Languages (HLLs) like C or Python are more abstract and closer to human-readable language. Portability: HLLs are portable across different platforms, as they can be compiled or interpreted for various operating systems. Assembly language is platform-specific and generally requires modification for … Read more
Syntax refers to the set of rules that define the structure and format of valid statements in a programming language. It specifies how the elements of the language (such as keywords, operators, and identifiers) should be arranged to form proper instructions. For example, in C, a statement like int x = 5; follows the correct … Read more
A computer program is a set of instructions written in a programming language that tells a computer how to perform a specific task. It acts as a bridge between the user and the hardware, enabling computers to execute a wide range of operations, from simple calculations to complex tasks. Programs are typically written using programming … Read more
Algorithm to find the greatest number among three numbers: Start Input three numbers, A, B, and C If A > B and A > C, then Print “A is the greatest number.” Else if B > A and B > C, then Print “B is the greatest number.” Else Print “C is the greatest number.” … Read more
Algorithm to check if a number is even or odd: Start Input a number N If N mod 2 = 0 (i.e., N is divisible by 2 with no remainder), then Print “The number is even.” Else Print “The number is odd.” End This algorithm first checks if the number is divisible by 2. If … Read more
An algorithm is a sequence of well-defined, step-by-step instructions that provide a solution to a specific problem. It is usually written in a programming language or in pseudocode and is concerned with the logical flow of solving the problem. For example, an algorithm to find the maximum of two numbers would involve comparing the two … Read more
Flowcharts serve as a visual tool to outline the structure of a program before coding. They help in understanding the logic, decision-making process, and flow of data within the program. By providing a clear representation of steps and interactions, flowcharts make it easier to identify potential issues early in the design phase, leading to a … Read more
An algorithm provides a step-by-step procedure or set of rules for solving a specific problem. It breaks down a complex problem into manageable steps, which enhances clarity and efficiency in execution. By following a defined set of operations, algorithms help eliminate unnecessary computations, reducing the chances of errors and making the solution faster and more … Read more
Problem analysis is a critical first step in programming as it helps understand the problem clearly before attempting to solve it. Without proper analysis, the solution may be incomplete or incorrect. By breaking down the problem into smaller components, identifying input/output requirements, constraints, and understanding the expected behavior, developers can design more efficient, logical, and … Read more