FreeNotes
State of Matter Definition Characteristics Examples Solid Matter in a state where particles are closely packed and vibrate but do not move freely. Definite shape and volume. Ice, iron, wood. Liquid Matter in a state where particles are close together but can move past each other. Definite volume but no definite shape; takes shape of … Read more
Atomic Number of Argon: The atomic number is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Since Argon has 18 protons, its atomic number is 18. Related Questions: Can you write the formula of the carbon dioxide gas that we exhale? Define element, compound, and mixture. Differentiate between a compound and … Read more
Aspect Solvent Solute Definition The substance that dissolves the solute and is usually present in the greater amount. The substance that dissolves in the solvent and is usually present in a lesser amount. State Solvent can be in any state (solid, liquid, gas), but most commonly in liquid form. Solute can also be in any … Read more
Aspect Colloids Suspensions Particle Size The particles are larger than molecules but smaller than those in suspensions, ranging from 1 nm to 1000 nm. The particles are much larger than those in colloids (greater than 1000 nm). Visibility of Particles Particles are not visible to the naked eye. Particles are visible to the naked eye … Read more
Aspect Homogeneous Solution Heterogeneous Solution Definition A solution where the composition is uniform throughout. A solution where the composition is not uniform and can be distinguished into different phases. Components Consists of a single phase (solid, liquid, or gas). Composed of multiple phases. Appearance Appears uniform in composition and cannot be distinguished by the naked … Read more
Allotropes are different structural forms of the same element, where the atoms are bonded in various ways. Carbon exhibits several allotropes, each with distinct properties. Diamond has a tetrahedral structure and is the hardest known natural material. Graphite consists of layers of carbon atoms that can slide over each other, making it soft and conductive. … Read more
Property Concentrated Solution Dilute Solution Concentration High concentration of solute Low concentration of solute Appearance Darker, more intense color Lighter, pale color Taste Stronger taste Weaker taste Example Strong saltwater, Syrup Dilute lemon juice, Tea A concentrated solution contains a large amount of solute relative to the solvent, making it more intense in flavor and … Read more
Property Compound Mixture Composition Fixed ratio of elements Variable proportions of substances Bonding Chemical bonds between elements No chemical bonding between components Separation Can only be separated chemically Can be separated physically Example Water (H₂O), Salt (NaCl) Air, Sand, Salad A compound has a fixed chemical composition with atoms bonded together, while a mixture is … Read more
An element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. Examples include hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon. A compound consists of two or more elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions, such as water (H₂O) or carbon dioxide (CO₂). A mixture, on the other hand, contains two or more substances physically combined, and … Read more
The formula for carbon dioxide gas, which we exhale, is CO₂. This colorless and odorless gas consists of one carbon (C) atom bonded to two oxygen (O) atoms. During respiration, our bodies metabolize glucose, and in this process, oxygen is used, and carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product. The body then expels carbon … Read more