Explain the process of DNA replication, including the role of key enzymes and the importance of proofreading

DNA replication is a complex, highly regulated process that ensures the accurate copying of the genetic material for cell division. It begins at specific sites called origins of replication, where the enzyme helicase unwinds the DNA double helix, creating two single strands that serve as templates. Single-strand binding proteins stabilize the unwound strands, preventing them … Read more

Discuss the central dogma of molecular biology in detail, explaining each step and its significance

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It begins with DNA, which holds the genetic blueprint in the form of a nucleotide sequence. The first step, transcription, involves copying a specific segment of DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerase. This process occurs in the … Read more