FreeNotes
Commensalism vs. Mutualism: Commensalism benefits one species without harming the other, while mutualism benefits both. Host vs. Parasite: A host is an organism that provides resources to a parasite, while a parasite lives on or inside the host and harms it. Prey vs. Predator: A prey is hunted and eaten by a predator, while a … Read more
Sunlight is the primary source of energy for producers (plants) to perform photosynthesis, which is the base of the food chain. Related Questions: What is the importance of decomposers in an ecosystem? Name the components of an ecosystem. Name the structure through which the exchange of gases can take place in plants. Name the ways … Read more
The components of an ecosystem are: Biotic components (producers, consumers, decomposers) Abiotic components (light, air, water, soil, temperature) Related Questions: What is the importance of decomposers in an ecosystem? Name the structure through which the exchange of gases can take place in plants. Name the ways through which a plant can obtain oxygen. Why should … Read more
Decomposers break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem, ensuring the continuity of life. Related Questions: Name the components of an ecosystem. Why does an ecosystem need a continuous supply of sunlight? Distinguish between the following: Name the structure through which the exchange of gases can take place in plants. Name the … Read more
Linkage and Crossing Over in Genetics Linkage and crossing over are two important concepts in genetics that explain how genes are inherited and how genetic variation arises. Let’s break them down: 1. Linkage Linkage refers to the phenomenon where genes that are located close together on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together. This … Read more
Structure and Function of Chromosomes in Inheritance Chromosomes are essential structures in cells that carry genetic information. They play a crucial role in inheritance by passing on genetic material to the next generation. Let’s break down the structure and function of chromosomes: 1. Structure of Chromosomes Chromosomes are made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which … Read more
Mutations play a critical role in evolution by introducing genetic variation into a population. Here’s how mutations are significant in the process of evolution: 1. Source of Genetic Variation Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism’s genome. These can occur naturally due to errors in DNA replication or be caused by environmental … Read more
Crossing over occurs during meiosis, exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes, leading to new genetic combinations in offspring. Related Questions: Write the differences between: Name sources of variation. Give examples of artificial selection. What kind of gametes would be produced by organisms having the following genotypes? Two white sheep produce a black offspring. What must … Read more
A test cross is used to determine an organism’s genotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive organism. It helps identify whether an individual is homozygous dominant or heterozygous. Related Questions: Write the differences between: Name sources of variation. Give examples of artificial selection. What kind of gametes would be produced by organisms having the … Read more
Males have only one *X chromosome*, so if it carries a defective gene, they express the disorder, unlike females, who have another X chromosome that may carry a normal gene. Related Questions: Write the differences between: Name sources of variation. Give examples of artificial selection. What kind of gametes would be produced by organisms having … Read more