Describe the macroscopic characteristics of an equilibrium reaction.

Macroscopic characteristics of an equilibrium reaction:

The macroscopic characteristics of an equilibrium reaction are:

1. Constant concentrations of reactants and products: The concentrations of all substances remain unchanged over time.

2. No observable changes: There are no visible changes in color, pressure, or other measurable properties.

3. Temperature-dependent: The equilibrium position depends on temperature; increasing or decreasing temperature shifts equilibrium.

4. Pressure effects (for gases): Changing pressure affects equilibrium if gases are involved and the number of moles differs between reactants and products.

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