Total Marks: 65 | Time: 2 Hours
Section A
Multiple Choice Questions (12 Marks)
(Attempt all questions)
Which branch of biology deals with the study of living organisms in relation to their environment?
a) Anatomy
b) Ecology
c) Genetics
d) Physiology
Which structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosome
c) Chloroplast
d) Nucleus
The largest organ in the human body is:
a) Heart
b) Liver
c) Skin
d) Brain
Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
a) Glucose
b) Fructose
c) Sucrose
d) Cellulose
The process by which water moves across a semi-permeable membrane is called:
a) Diffusion
b) Osmosis
c) Filtration
d) Active transport
Which organ filters waste from the blood?
a) Liver
b) Heart
c) Kidney
d) Stomach
The part of the digestive system where most nutrients are absorbed is:
a) Stomach
b) Large intestine
c) Small intestine
d) Esophagus
Which vitamin is necessary for blood clotting?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin K
The basic unit of inheritance is:
a) Gene
b) Chromosome
c) DNA
d) RNA
What is the main function of white blood cells?
a) Oxygen transport
b) Digestion
c) Immunity
d) Blood clotting
The opening and closing of stomata are controlled by:
a) Xylem cells
b) Guard cells
c) Phloem cells
d) Epidermal cells
Which part of the brain controls voluntary actions?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Hypothalamus
Section B – Short Answer Questions (33 Marks)
(Attempt any 11 questions. All questions carry equal marks.)
Define biochemistry and explain its significance.
Differentiate between organic and inorganic compounds.
Explain the role of the nucleus in a cell.
What are the different types of carbohydrates?
How does active transport differ from passive transport?
Describe the function of hemoglobin in blood.
What is the importance of ATP in cellular activities?
Explain the process of digestion in the stomach.
Define hormones and mention their types.
What are sensory and motor neurons?
Describe the structure and function of alveoli in the lungs.
Explain how plants lose water through transpiration.
What are the main differences between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Describe the nitrogen fixation process in plants.
What are the major causes of soil erosion?
Section C
Long Answer Questions (20 Marks)
(Attempt any 2 questions. All questions carry equal marks.)
Q1.
a) Define cell division and explain its types.
b) Describe the stages of mitosis.
c) How is mitosis different from meiosis?
Q2.
a) What are macronutrients and micronutrients?
b) Explain the role of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in plant growth.
c) How do mineral deficiencies affect plants?
Q3.
a) Describe the structure and functions of the human excretory system.
b) What are the major excretory products in humans?
c) How do kidneys help maintain homeostasis?