Total Marks: 65 | Time: 2 Hours
Section A – Multiple Choice Questions (12 Marks)
(Attempt all questions)
1. Which one of the following is a prokaryote?
a) Fungi
b) Bacteria
c) Amoeba
d) Algae
2. The site of protein synthesis in a cell is:
a) Ribosome
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Nucleus
3. Which of the following macromolecules stores genetic information?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Lipids
c) Proteins
d) Nucleic acids
4. The main function of the mitochondria is:
a) Photosynthesis
b) Protein synthesis
c) Energy production
d) Lipid storage
5. Which component of blood fights infections?
a) Platelets
b) Red blood cells
c) White blood cells
d) Plasma
6. Which structure in plants is responsible for the transport of water?
a) Phloem
b) Xylem
c) Epidermis
d) Cortex
7. The functional unit of the kidney is:
a) Nephron
b) Alveolus
c) Villi
d) Glomerulus
8. The enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach is:
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
9. The outermost layer of a plant cell is called:
a) Plasma membrane
b) Cytoplasm
c) Cell wall
d) Nucleus
10. The part of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering is:
a) Retina
b) Iris
c) Cornea
d) Lens
11. The process of breaking down glucose in the absence of oxygen is called:
a) Fermentation
b) Photosynthesis
c) Aerobic respiration
d) Oxidation
12. Which vitamin is essential for vision?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin k
Section B – Short Answer Questions (33 Marks)
(Attempt any 11 questions. All questions carry equal marks.)
1. Differentiate between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.
2. What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
3. Explain the importance of enzymes in biological reactions.
4. What are the main differences between arteries and veins?
5. Define transpiration and its significance in plants.
6. What are renewable and non-renewable resources? Give examples.
7. How do antibiotics work against bacteria?
8. What is the function of the hypothalamus in the human body?
9. Explain the concept of food chains and food webs.
10. What are the major causes of deforestation?
11. Describe the structure and function of the heart.
12. How does pollution affect biodiversity?
13. What are the different types of immunity?
14. Define ecological succession and its types.
15. What is the greenhouse effect? How does it impact global warming?
Section C – Long Answer Questions (20 Marks)
(Attempt any 2 questions. All questions carry equal marks.)
Q1.
a) What is respiration? Explain its importance in living organisms.
b) Describe the steps of glycolysis.
c) How does respiration in plants differ from respiration in animals?
Q2.
a) What are the major components of the circulatory system?
b) Explain the structure and function of the human heart.
c) How does blood circulation maintain homeostasis?
Q3.
a) Define ecosystems and explain their types.
b) How do human activities affect ecosystems?
c) Suggest ways to conserve biodiversity.