Total Marks: 65 | Time: 2 Hours
Section A – Multiple Choice Questions (12 Marks)
(Attempt all questions)
1. The branch of biology that deals with the study of fungi is called:
a) Botany
b) Mycology
c) Virology
d) Ecology
2. The scientific name of humans is:
a) Homo erectus
b) Homo sapiens
c) Homo habilis
d) Homo neanderthalensis
3. Which organelle is responsible for energy production in a cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Ribosome
c) Mitochondria
d) Golgi apparatus
4. DNA replication occurs in which phase of the cell cycle?
a) G1 phase
b) S phase
c) M phase
d) G2 phase
5. Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting food?
a) Xylem
b) Phloem
c) Parenchyma
d) Collenchyma
6. The building blocks of proteins are:
a) Monosaccharides
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids
d) Nucleotides
7. Which process converts light energy into chemical energy?
a) Respiration
b) Photosynthesis
c) Fermentation
d) Transpiration
8. The loss of water in vapor form from plant leaves is called:
a) Respiration
b) Transpiration
c) Diffusion
d) Osmosis
9. Which part of a flower contains ovules?
a) Anther
b) Ovary
c) Petal
d) Sepal
10. Which scientist is known for the theory of evolution by natural selection?
a) Mendel
b) Darwin
c) Pasteur
d) Lamarck
11. What do fossils help scientists understand?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Evolution
c) Immunity
d) Respiration
12. The movement of water from roots to leaves occurs through:
a) Phloem
b) Xylem
c) Stomata
d) Chloroplast
Section B – Short Answer Questions (33 Marks)
(Attempt any 11 questions. All questions carry equal marks.)
1. Define biology and its main branches.
2. How does classification help in studying biodiversity?
3. Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
4. What are the major phases of mitosis?
5. Explain the role of muscle tissues in movement.
6. Describe the structure of RNA and its types.
7. What are the properties of enzymes?
8. How is ATP produced during respiration?
9. Describe the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
10. How does the xylem transport water?
11. What are the main parts of a flower?
12. Explain self-pollination and cross-pollination.
13. How do fossils provide evidence for evolution?
14. What is genetic variation, and why is it important?
15. Define adaptation and give examples.
Section C – Long Answer Questions (20 Marks)
(Attempt any 2 questions. All questions carry equal marks.)
Q1.
a) What are the characteristics of living organisms?
b) How do biologists classify organisms?
c) Why is taxonomy important?
Q2.
a) Explain the structure of a cell membrane.
b) Describe the stages of mitosis.
c) Compare mitosis and meiosis.
Q3.
a) What is the role of stomata in transpiration?
b) How do plants control water loss?
c) Explain the significance of transpiration in plant survival.